Pesticides Threaten Soil Nematodes and Crop Health Study Finds

By Andi Anderson

A new study published in Advances in Modern Agriculture reveals that pesticides can harm soil health and food safety. It shows that soil nematodes—tiny worms essential to healthy soil—are severely affected by pesticide exposure, which can also lead to lower crop yields and threats to human health.

Researchers tested cucumber plants exposed to four pesticides: Endosulfan, Methoxychlor, Diazinon, and Malathion. These were applied at different concentrations in a controlled study at the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

They found that increasing pesticide levels caused a sharp drop in nematode populations and signs of phytotoxicity, which is when plant growth is harmed.

Among the tested chemicals, Malathion caused the most significant decline in nematode numbers, followed by Endosulfan, Methoxychlor, and Diazinon.

These microscopic worms help manage soil nutrients and support plant development. Their decline could lead to weakened soil systems and reduced crop productivity.

The study also tested the pesticide residues in harvested cucumbers. In most samples, the pesticide levels were higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by international food safety standards. This poses risks to consumers, including potential health issues like headaches, rashes, and long-term conditions such as cancer and hormonal disruptions.

The authors also connected these findings to global concerns. A similar study on imported fruits in the UAE showed that many had pesticide residues above safe levels, reflecting a need for stronger regulation and safer farming practices.

Experts believe that organic farming offers a safer alternative. It avoids synthetic chemicals, improves soil health, and supports biodiversity. Researchers call for more organic farming and better pesticide regulations to protect human and environmental health.

To support healthier farming, people are encouraged to choose organic food and advocate for chemical-free agriculture.

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