Grazing study - weather affects nitrogen

By Andi Anderson

Livestock production plays a vital role in U.S. agriculture, with global demand for meat and dairy projected to double in the coming years.

This rising demand is likely to increase grazing intensity on U.S. grasslands, potentially worsening water quality due to runoff from livestock waste.

A recent study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign investigates how climate conditions affect nitrogen runoff from pastures under various grazing practices. The findings indicate that producers should factor in weather when deciding on stocking rates and grazing strategies.

Maria Chu, an associate professor in the Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, emphasized that the study aims to identify factors influencing nitrogen transport into water bodies.

The research seeks to determine the ideal combination of stocking rates, grazing duration, and precipitation to enhance production while reducing nitrogen loss.

Researchers created a modeling framework to simulate nitrogen transport under different climate conditions, utilizing data from the USDA-ARS Oklahoma and Central Plains Agricultural Research Center.

They examined various grazing schemes, including continuous and intermittent grazing at different stocking rates, under differing precipitation conditions.

The results revealed that the impact of grazing on nitrogen loss cannot be generalized. More cattle do not always lead to higher nutrient loss; it depends on prevailing weather conditions during grazing.

Jeric Sadsad, a doctoral student and lead author, noted that aligning management decisions with climatic and hydrologic conditions can minimize nutrient loss.

As global livestock production demand rises alongside extreme weather events, implementing flexible grazing schemes that consider weather forecasts is crucial.

To promote sustainability, the study advocates for matching grazing activities with weather patterns, allowing producers to optimize productivity while minimizing environmental impacts. The developed model serves as a valuable tool for achieving a sustainable balance in pasture management.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-ahavelaar