By Andi Anderson
Corn stands as a pivotal crop in Illinois, contributing significantly to the state's agricultural economy. In 2024, farmers cultivated approximately 10.65 million acres of corn, yielding an average of 217 bushels per acre. However, this vital crop faces threats from pests like the black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), which can inflict severe damage on young plants.
Identification and Lifecycle
Black cutworms are moths whose larvae are particularly harmful to corn. These moths migrate northward in spring, laying eggs in low-lying, weedy areas. Upon hatching, the larvae feed on corn seedlings, often cutting them at the base, leading to plant death. A single larva can destroy multiple plants during its development.
Integrated Crop Management
Damage Indicators
Early signs of infestation include irregular holes in leaves and severed seedlings. Larvae typically feed at night, hiding in the soil during the day. Fields with dense weeds or those planted late are more susceptible to damage.
Management Strategies
Effective control of black cutworms involves integrated pest management:
- Regular Scouting: Monitor fields frequently, especially during the early growth stages, to detect signs of larvae and damage.
- Weed Control: Maintain clean fields by removing weeds and plant residues that attract egg-laying moths.
- Tillage Practices: Implement tillage to disrupt the lifecycle of cutworms by exposing larvae to predators and environmental conditions.
- Insecticide Application: Apply insecticides when larval populations exceed economic thresholds, ensuring timely intervention to prevent widespread damage.
By understanding the behavior and impact of black cutworms, farmers can implement proactive measures to protect their corn crops, ensuring sustained yields and contributing to Illinois's agricultural success.
Photo Credit: getty-images-elhenyo
Categories: Illinois, Crops, Corn, Rural Lifestyle