US resolves GMO corn dispute with Mexico

By Andi Anderson

The United States has successfully resolved a trade dispute with Mexico over genetically modified (GMO) corn imports. The arbitration panel under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) ruled in favor of the US, stating that Mexico’s restrictions on GMO corn imports violated trade pact rules and were not based on scientific evidence.

Mexico, a significant importer of US-grown yellow corn, initially banned the use of GMO corn in tortillas and dough in 2023. The ban was part of broader measures aimed at gradually phasing out GMO corn in other foods and animal feed by 2024.

The Mexican government argued that these restrictions were necessary to protect public health and preserve the genetic diversity of native corn. However, the US challenged these claims, emphasizing the safety of agricultural biotechnology based on decades of scientific research.

The dispute began shortly after the USMCA came into effect in 2020. Mexico, the birthplace of modern corn, prohibits planting GMO corn to prevent contamination of native strains but remains the largest buyer of US corn, which is predominantly genetically modified. In 2024, US corn exports to Mexico reached $4.8 billion.

US officials, including Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, praised the arbitration panel’s ruling, highlighting its importance in upholding science-based trade principles. The National Corn Growers Association (NCGA) also welcomed the decision, citing the significant economic impact of Mexico as the top export destination for US corn.

Mexico’s government has accepted the ruling while emphasizing that it only applies to imports. The country plans to maintain its ban on planting GMO corn domestically to protect its native varieties.

This outcome reaffirms the role of biotechnology in global agriculture and strengthens trade relations between the two countries, ensuring stability for US corn growers and rural communities. The agricultural industry continues to advocate for science-based policies that promote sustainability and economic growth.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-alexeyrumyantsev