By Andi Anderson
High tunnels are enclosed structures that allow farmers to extend growing seasons, grow diverse crops, and produce higher yields with better quality. However, because of the enclosed environment, pest problems can increase compared to open field farming.
At Dixon Springs Agricultural Center, a recent program showcased research done in three commercial-sized high tunnels. The main focus was on pest control strategies that help both farmers and the environment.
Most growers use chemicals to control pests, but few approved pesticides can be used in high tunnels. That’s why researchers are exploring biological controls, using natural enemies of pests to keep them under control.
Specialty Crops Entomologist Kacie Athey has been working on this research since 2021. At the start, predatory insects were released into the tunnels to feed on pests. In 2023, the study expanded to include cut flowers and cover crops planted inside the tunnels to attract and support those helpful insects.
“The ongoing study is monitoring a few things,” said Athey. “What does insect pressure look like in high tunnels, what predators are there, and what are they eating?”
Researchers are also comparing practices at different sites. At Dixon Springs, cut flowers are grown in the center of the tunnels. On the Urbana-Champaign campus, they are planted along the sides. The goal is to see which method brings in more beneficial insects.
Cover crops are also planted at Dixon Springs to improve soil health and reduce weeds. Because of the small space, they use plastic to solarize the soil instead of using machines.
Vegetable production is also doing well this year. Extension Educator Bronwyn Aly noted that cooler, cloudy weather helped tomato plants ripen earlier and stay healthy.
The event was part of the Summer Twilight Series, held at different farms in southern Illinois. The next event is on August 18 at Wild Child Flower Farm.
To learn more or register, visit go.illinois.edu/twilightseries or call 618-695-2441.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-eugenesergeev
Categories: Illinois, Crops, Corn, Soybeans