By Andi Anderson
Tomatoes are a popular choice in home gardens, but they can fall victim to several fungal diseases. The three most common issues are early blight, Septoria leaf spot, and anthracnose. These diseases thrive in wet conditions and can severely damage tomato plants if not managed properly.
Early blight appears as irregular brown spots with bull’s-eye patterns, mostly on older leaves. These spots can merge into large brown patches, causing leaves to yellow and fall off.
Septoria leaf spot causes small, circular spots with light centers and dark edges on the leaves. It may contain tiny black dots called fruiting bodies. Like early blight, it leads to yellowing and falling leaves.
Anthracnose mainly affects fruit, forming sunken, circular lesions that darken and may produce pink or orange spores, especially in humid conditions. It may also affect leaves and stems.
To manage these diseases:
- Remove and destroy infected leaves or fruit.
- Avoid touching or working with wet plants.
- Water early in the day and keep leaves dry.
- Use mulch to reduce soil splash and block spores.
- Eliminate weeds like nightshade and volunteer tomato plants.
- Use recommended fungicides on healthy leaves only, as they prevent but do not cure disease.
For long-term prevention:
- Practice crop rotation and avoid planting tomatoes or related crops in the same area each year.
- Choose disease-free seeds or resistant varieties.
- Space plants properly for air circulation and keep them off the ground using stakes or cages.
Good Growing Tip: Blossom end rot is not caused by fungi but is a physiological issue linked to calcium or plant stress.
By following these steps, gardeners can enjoy a healthier and more productive tomato harvest.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-bastetamn
Categories: Illinois, Crops, Fruits and Vegetables