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Smart Start with Cover Crops for Farming Success

Smart Start with Cover Crops for Farming Success


By Andi Anderson

Starting with cover crops may seem challenging at first, but learning from experienced farmers can make the journey smoother. Farmer Richard Lyons offers simple tips that help beginners avoid common mistakes and build a strong foundation.

Start Small and Simple

Begin with a small area—try 40 acres before corn and 40 before soybeans. Many new farmers feel excited to test multiple mixes, but cereal rye is a smart first step, especially after corn going into soybeans. It’s reliable and easy to manage.

Focus on Good Drainage

Before planting cover crops, check your drainage system. Whether tile or natural, well-drained fields are key to successful cover growth. Poor drainage can lead to crop failure and frustration.

Choose Winter-Hardy Species

Some cover crops like spring oats and radishes die in the winter, leaving the soil bare. Instead, consider this mix:

  • Winter Barley – Breaks down quickly, but may not always survive the cold.
  • Wheat – Serves as backup if barley fails.
  • Rapeseed and Austrian Winter Pea – Improve soil health and add nitrogen.
  • This mix supports ground cover through winter and boosts biodiversity.

Adjust Management Practices

Cover cropping isn’t a one-time effort. You need new strategies each season. For example, if growing corn, strip-tilling can help plan when to terminate cover crops. If wheat or barley grows over the strips, terminate early. In cooler conditions, you may choose to plant green and terminate later with herbicide to maintain soil roots longer.

Be Flexible and Keep Learning

Every farm is different. Success with cover crops depends on soil, weather, and ongoing learning. Start small, select carefully, and be open to changing your methods.

You can explore cover crop incentive programs through the Illinois Sustainable Ag Partnership or connect with Precision Conservation Management experts. ICGA members may also use the IL Corn cover crop coupon for support.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-dszc

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Categories: Illinois, Sustainable Agriculture

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